Enamel proteins reveal biological sex and genetic variability in southern African Paranthropus

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Madupe, Palesa P.; Koenig, Claire; Patramanis, Ioannis; Ruther, Patrick L.; Hlazo, Nomawethu; Mackie, Meaghan; Tawane, Mirriam; Krueger, Johanna; Taurozzi, Alberto J.; Troche, Gaudry; Kibii, Job; Pickering, Robyn; Dickinson, Marc R.; Sahle, Yonatan; Kgotleng, Dipuo; Musiba, Charles; Manthi, Fredrick; Bell, Liam; DuPlessis, Michelle; Gilbert, Catherine; Zipfel, Bernhard; Kuderna, Lukas F. K.; Lizano, Esther; Welker, Frido; Kyriakidou, Pelagia; Cox, Juergen; Mollereau, Catherine; Tokarski, Caroline; Blackburn, Jonathan; Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmin; Marques-Bonet, Tomas; Penkman, Kirsty; Zanolli, Clement; Schroeder, Lauren; Racimo, Fernando; Olsen, Jesper V.; Ackermann, Rebecca R.; Cappellini, Enrico
• 署名单位: University of Copenhagen; University of Cape Town; University of Copenhagen; University of Cape Town; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC-UPF - Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE); Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona Biomedical Research Park; University of Cape Town; University of York - UK; University of Johannesburg; Duke University; Universite de Bordeaux; University of Witwatersrand; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Pompeu Fabra University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC-UPF - Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE); Max Planck Society; University of Bergen; Universite de Toulouse; University of Cape Town; ICREA; Universite de Bordeaux; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); University of Toronto; University Toronto Mississauga; University College Dublin; University of Turin; University of Witwatersrand; Illumina
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8671
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adt9539
• 发表日期: 2025-05-29
• 页码: 969-973
• 关键词: computed-tomography; pliocene hominin; genome diversity; cave deposits; amino-acids; mass; sequence; identification; amelogenin; peptides

摘要

Paranthropus robustus is a morphologically well-documented Early Pleistocene hominin species from southern Africa with no genetic evidence reported so far. In this work, we describe the mass spectrometric sequencing of enamel peptides from four similar to 2 million-year-old dental specimens attributed morphologically to P. robustus from the site of Swartkrans in South Africa. The identification of AMELY-specific peptides enabled us to assign two specimens to male individuals, whereas semiquantitative mass spectrometric data analysis attributed the other two to females. A single amino acid polymorphism and the enamel-dentine junction shape variation indicated potential subgroups present within southern African Paranthropus. This study demonstrates how palaeoproteomics can help distinguish sexual dimorphism from other sources of variation in African Early Pleistocene hominins.