A rechargeable calcium-oxygen battery that operates at room temperature

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ye, Lei; Liao, Meng; Zhang, Kun; Zheng, Mengting; Jiang, Yi; Cheng, Xiangran; Wang, Chuang; Xu, Qiuchen; Tang, Chengqiang; Li, Pengzhou; Wen, Yunzhou; Xu, Yifei; Sun, Xuemei; Chen, Peining; Sun, Hao; Gao, Yue; Zhang, Ye; Wang, Bingjie; Lu, Jun; Zhou, Haoshen; Wang, Yonggang; Xia, Yongyao; Xu, Xin; Peng, Huisheng
• 署名单位: Fudan University; Fudan University; Zhejiang University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Nanjing University; Fudan University; Fudan University
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-5955
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06949-x
• 发表日期: 2024-02-08
• 关键词: electrolytes

摘要

Calcium-oxygen (Ca-O2) batteries can theoretically afford high capacity by the reduction of O2 to calcium oxide compounds (CaOx) at low cost1-5. Yet, a rechargeable Ca-O2 battery that operates at room temperature has not been achieved because the CaOx/O2 chemistry typically involves inert discharge products and few electrolytes can accommodate both a highly reductive Ca metal anode and O2. Here we report a Ca-O2 battery that is rechargeable for 700 cycles at room temperature. Our battery relies on a highly reversible two-electron redox to form chemically reactive calcium peroxide (CaO2) as the discharge product. Using a durable ionic liquid-based electrolyte, this two-electron reaction is enabled by the facilitated Ca plating-stripping in the Ca metal anode at room temperature and improved CaO2/O2 redox in the air cathode. We show the proposed Ca-O2 battery is stable in air and can be made into flexible fibres that are weaved into textile batteries for next-generation wearable systems. A Ca-O2 battery that relies on a highly reversible two-electron redox to form chemically reactive calcium peroxide as the discharge product is reported to be stable in air and rechargeable for 700 cycles at room temperature.