Dopant-additive synergism enhances perovskite solar modules

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ding, Bin; Ding, Yong; Peng, Jun; Romano-deGea, Jan; Frederiksen, Lindsey E. K.; Kanda, Hiroyuki; Syzgantseva, Olga A.; Syzgantseva, Maria A.; Audinot, Jean-Nicolas; Bour, Jerome; Zhang, Song; Wirtz, Tom; Fei, Zhaofu; Doerflinger, Patrick; Shibayama, Naoyuki; Niu, Yunjuan; Hu, Sixia; Zhang, Shunlin; Tirani, Farzaneh Fadaei; Liu, Yan; Yang, Guan-Jun; Brooks, Keith; Hu, Linhua; Kinge, Sachin; Dyakonov, Vladimir; Zhang, Xiaohong; Dai, Songyuan; Dyson, Paul J.; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja
• 署名单位: Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; North China Electric Power University; Soochow University - China; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Luxembourg Institute of Science & Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science & Technology, CAS; University of Wurzburg; Toin University of Yokohama; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS; Southern University of Science & Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Toyota Motor Corporation
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-5717
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07228-z
• 发表日期: 2024-04-11
• 关键词: functionalized ionic liquids; cells; temperature; efficient

摘要

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are among the most promising photovoltaic technologies owing to their exceptional optoelectronic properties 1,2 . However, the lower efficiency, poor stability and reproducibility issues of large-area PSCs compared with laboratory-scale PSCs are notable drawbacks that hinder their commercialization 3 . Here we report a synergistic dopant-additive combination strategy using methylammonium chloride (MACl) as the dopant and a Lewis-basic ionic-liquid additive, 1,3-bis(cyanomethyl)imidazolium chloride ([Bcmim]Cl). This strategy effectively inhibits the degradation of the perovskite precursor solution (PPS), suppresses the aggregation of MACl and results in phase-homogeneous and stable perovskite films with high crystallinity and fewer defects. This approach enabled the fabrication of perovskite solar modules (PSMs) that achieved a certified efficiency of 23.30% and ultimately stabilized at 22.97% over a 27.22-cm2 aperture area, marking the highest certified PSM performance. Furthermore, the PSMs showed long-term operational stability, maintaining 94.66% of the initial efficiency after 1,000 h under continuous one-sun illumination at room temperature. The interaction between [Bcmim]Cl and MACl was extensively studied to unravel the mechanism leading to an enhancement of device properties. Our approach holds substantial promise for bridging the benchtop-to-rooftop gap and advancing the production and commercialization of large-area perovskite photovoltaics. A synergistic dopant-additive combination strategy using methylammonium chloride as the dopant and a Lewis-basic ionic-liquid additive is shown to enable the fabrication of perovskite solar modules achieving record certified performance and long-term operational stability.