Environmental drivers of increased ecosystem respiration in a warming tundra

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Maes, S. L.; Dietrich, J.; Midolo, G.; Schwieger, S.; Kummu, M.; Vandvik, V.; Aerts, R.; Althuizen, I. H. J.; Biasi, C.; Bjoerk, R. G.; Boehner, H.; Carbognani, M.; Chiari, G.; Christiansen, C. T.; Clemmensen, K. E.; Cooper, E. J.; Cornelissen, J. H. C.; Elberling, B.; Faubert, P.; Fetcher, N.; Forte, T. G. W.; Gaudard, J.; Gavazov, K.; Guan, Z.; Gumundsson, J.; Gya, R.; Hallin, S.; Hansen, B. B.; Haugum, S. V.; He, J. -S.; Hicks Pries, C.; Hovenden, M. J.; Jalava, M.; Jonsdottir, I. S.; Juhanson, J.; Jung, J. Y.; Kaarlejaervi, E.; Kwon, M. J.; Lamprecht, R. E.; Le Moullec, M.; Lee, H.; Marushchak, M. E.; Michelsen, A.; Munir, T. M.; Myrsky, E. M.; Nielsen, C. S.; Nyberg, M.; Olofsson, J.; Oskarsson, H.; Parker, T. C.; Pedersen, E. P.; Petit Bon, M.; Petraglia, A.; Raundrup, K.; Ravn, N. M. R.; Rinnan, R.; Rodenhizer, H.; Ryde, I.; Schmidt, N. M.; Schuur, E. A. G.; Sjoegersten, S.; Stark, S.; Strack, M.; Tang, J.; Tolvanen, A.; Toepper, J. P.; Vaeisaenen, M. K.; van Logtestijn, R. S. P.; Voigt, C.; Walz, J.; Weedon, J. T.; Yang, Y.; Ylaenne, H.; Bjoerkman, M. P.; Sarneel, J. M.; Dorrepaal, E.
• 署名单位: Umea University; KU Leuven; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Umea University; Aalto University; University of Bergen; Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research; University of Bergen; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE); University of Eastern Finland; University of Innsbruck; University of Gothenburg; University of Gothenburg; UiT The Arctic University of Tromso; University of Parma; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; UiT The Arctic University of Tromso; University of Quebec; University of Quebec Chicoutimi; Wilkes University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou University; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); Peking University; Dartmouth College; University of Tasmania; University of Iceland; Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI); University of Helsinki; Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI); University of Hamburg; University of Eastern Finland; Greenland Institute of Natural Resources; Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research; Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE); Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); University of Calgary; University of Lapland; University of Helsinki; James Hutton Institute; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; University Centre Svalbard (UNIS); University of Copenhagen; Northern Arizona University; Aarhus University; Aarhus University; Northern Arizona University; University of Nottingham; University of Waterloo; Marine Biological Laboratory - Woods Hole; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke); Norwegian Institute Nature Research; University of Oulu; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Botany, CAS; University of Eastern Finland
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-6975
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07274-7
• 发表日期: 2024-05-05
• 页码: 105-+
• 关键词: soil carbon; CLIMATE-CHANGE; temperature sensitivity; terrestrial ecosystems; permafrost carbon; metaanalysis; DECOMPOSITION; responses; cycle; components

摘要

Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems are large reservoirs of organic carbon(1,2). Climate warming may stimulate ecosystem respiration and release carbon into the atmosphere(3,4). The magnitude and persistency of this stimulation and the environmental mechanisms that drive its variation remain uncertain(5-7). This hampers the accuracy of global land carbon-climate feedback projections(7,8). Here we synthesize 136 datasets from 56 open-top chamber in situ warming experiments located at 28 arctic and alpine tundra sites which have been running for less than 1year up to 25years. We show that a mean rise of 1.4 degrees C [confidence interval (CI) 0.9-2.0 degrees C] in air and 0.4 degrees C [CI 0.2-0.7 degrees C] in soil temperature results in an increase in growing season ecosystem respiration by 30% [CI 22-38%] (n=136). Our findings indicate that the stimulation of ecosystem respiration was due to increases in both plant-related and microbial respiration (n=9) and continued for at least 25years (n=136). The magnitude of the warming effects on respiration was driven by variation in warming-induced changes in local soil conditions, that is, changes in total nitrogen concentration and pH and by context-dependent spatial variation in these conditions, in particular total nitrogen concentration and the carbon:nitrogen ratio. Tundra sites with stronger nitrogen limitations and sites in which warming had stimulated plant and microbial nutrient turnover seemed particularly sensitive in their respiration response to warming. The results highlight the importance of local soil conditions and warming-induced changes therein for future climatic impacts on respiration.