Thresholds for adding degraded tropical forest to the conservation estate

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ewers, Robert M.; Orme, C. David L.; Pearse, William D.; Zulkifli, Nursyamin; Yvon-Durocher, Genevieve; Yusah, Kalsum M.; Yoh, Natalie; Yeo, Darren C. J.; Wong, Anna; Williamson, Joseph; Wilkinson, Clare L.; Wiederkehr, Fabienne; Webber, Bruce L.; Wearn, Oliver R.; Wai, Leona; Vollans, Maisie; Twining, Joshua P.; Turner, Edgar C.; Tobias, Joseph A.; Thorley, Jack; Telford, Elizabeth M.; Teh, Yit Arn; Tan, Heok Hui; Swinfield, Tom; Svatek, Martin; Struebig, Matthew; Stork, Nigel; Sleutel, Jani; Slade, Eleanor M.; Sharp, Adam; Shabrani, Adi; Sethi, Sarab S.; Seaman, Dave J. I.; Sawang, Anati; Roxby, Gabrielle Briana; Rowcliffe, J. Marcus; Rossiter, Stephen J.; Riutta, Terhi; Rahman, Homathevi; Qie, Lan; Psomas, Elizabeth; Prairie, Aaron; Poznansky, Frederica; Pillay, Rajeev; Picinali, Lorenzo; Pianzin, Annabel; Pfeifer, Marion; Parrett, Jonathan M.; Noble, Ciar D.; Nilus, Reuben; Mustaffa, Nazirah; Mullin, Katherine E.; Mitchell, Simon; Mckinlay, Amelia R.; Maunsell, Sarah; Matula, Radim; Massam, Michael; Martin, Stephanie; Malhi, Yadvinder; Majalap, Noreen; Maclean, Catherine S.; Mackintosh, Emma; Luke, Sarah H.; Lewis, Owen T.; Layfield, Harry J.; lane-Shaw, IsolDe; Kueh, Boon Hee; Kratina, Pavel; Konopik, Oliver; Kitching, Roger; Kinneen, Lois; Kemp, Victoria A.; Jotan, Palasiah; Jones, Nick; Jebrail, Evyen W.; Hrones, Michal; Heon, Sui Peng; Hemprich-Bennett, David R.; Haysom, Jessica K.; Harianja, Martina F.; Hardwick, Jane; Gregory, Nichar; Gray, Ryan; Gray, Ross E. J.; Granville, Natasha; Gill, Richard; Fraser, Adam; Foster, William A.; Folkard-Tapp, Hollie; Fletcher, Robert J.; Fikri, Arman Hadi; Fayle, Tom M.; Faruk, Aisyah; Eggleton, Paul; Edwards, David P.; Drinkwater, Rosie; Dow, Rory A.; Dobert, Timm F.; Didham, Raphael K.; Dickinson, Katharine J. M.; Deere, Nicolas J.; de Lorm, Tijmen; Dawood, Mahadimenakbar M.; Davison, Charles W.; Davies, Zoe G.; Davies, Richard G.; Dancak, Martin; Cusack, Jeremy; Clare, Elizabeth L.; Chung, Arthur; Chey, Vun Khen; Chapman, Philip M.; Cator, Lauren; Carpenter, Daniel; Carbone, Chris; Calloway, Kerry; Bush, Emma R.; Burslem, David F. R. P.; Brown, Keiron D.; Brooks, Stephen J.; Brasington, Ella; Brant, Hayley; Boyle, Michael J. W.; Both, Sabine; Blackman, Joshua; Bishop, Tom R.; Bicknell, Jake E.; Bernard, Henry; Basrur, Saloni; Barclay, Maxwell V. L.; Barclay, Holly; Atton, Georgina; Ancrenaz, Marc; Aldridge, David C.; Daniel, Olivia Z.; Reynolds, Glen; Banks-Leite, Cristina
• 署名单位: Imperial College London; Universiti Putra Malaysia; University of Bristol; Universiti Malaysia Sabah; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; University of Kent; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of London; University College London; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Western Australia; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); CSIRO Health & Biosecurity; University of Oxford; Cornell University; University of Cambridge; University of Edinburgh; Newcastle University - UK; Mendel University in Brno; Griffith University; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Nanyang Technological University; University of Montana System; University of Montana; World Wildlife Fund; University of Cambridge; Zoological Society of London; University of Oxford; University of Exeter; University of Lincoln; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of Exeter; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Northern British Columbia; Imperial College London; Adam Mickiewicz University; University of East Anglia; Pusat Penyelidikan Hutan; Griffith University; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; University of Sheffield; University of the Sunshine Coast; University of Nottingham; University of East Anglia; University of Bristol; Laval University; University of Wurzburg; University of Reading; Imperial College London; Palacky University Olomouc; EcoHealth Alliance; Czech Academy of Sciences; Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Natural History Museum London; University of Sheffield; University of Malaysia Sarawak; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; University of Alberta; University of Otago; Aarhus University; Aarhus University; Palacky University Olomouc; York University - Canada; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; University of Aberdeen; University of Hong Kong; University of New England; University of Pretoria; Cardiff University; Monash University; Monash University Malaysia; University of Bristol
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-5787
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07657-w
• 发表日期: 2024-07-25
• 页码: 808-+
• 关键词: oil palm plantation; land-use; biodiversity value; disturbance; intensity; diversity; secondary; restoration; regression; abundance

摘要

Logged and disturbed forests are often viewed as degraded and depauperate environments compared with primary forest. However, they are dynamic ecosystems(1) that provide refugia for large amounts of biodiversity2,3, so we cannot afford to underestimate their conservation value4. Here we present empirically defined thresholds for categorizing the conservation value of logged forests, using one of the most comprehensive assessments of taxon responses to habitat degradation in any tropical forest environment. We analysed the impact of logging intensity on the individual occurrence patterns of 1,681 taxa belonging to 86 taxonomic orders and 126 functional groups in Sabah, Malaysia. Our results demonstrate the existence of two conservation-relevant thresholds. First, lightly logged forests (<29% biomass removal) retain high conservation value and a largely intact functional composition, and are therefore likely to recover their pre-logging values if allowed to undergo natural regeneration. Second, the most extreme impacts occur in heavily degraded forests with more than two-thirds (>68%) of their biomass removed, and these are likely to require more expensive measures to recover their biodiversity value. Overall, our data confirm that primary forests are irreplaceable5, but they also reinforce the message that logged forests retain considerable conservation value that should not be overlooked.