Growth of complete ammonia oxidizers on guanidine

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Palatinszky, Marton; Herbold, Craig W.; Sedlacek, Christopher J.; Puehringer, Dominic; Kitzinger, Katharina; Giguere, Andrew T.; Wasmund, Kenneth; Nielsen, Per H.; Dueholm, Morten K. D.; Jehmlich, Nico; Gruseck, Richard; Legin, Anton; Kostan, Julius; Krasnici, Nesrete; Schreiner, Claudia; Palmetzhofer, Johanna; Hofmann, Thilo; Zumstein, Michael; Djinovic-Carugo, Kristina; Daims, Holger; Wagner, Michael
• 署名单位: University of Vienna; University of Vienna; Medical University of Vienna; University of Vienna; Vienna Biocenter (VBC); Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL); Aalborg University; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ); University of Vienna; University of Vienna; University of Vienna; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); University of Canterbury; University of Portsmouth
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-6133
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07832-z
• 发表日期: 2024-09-19
• 页码: 646-653
• 关键词: complete nitrification; kinetics; DECOMPOSITION; validation; metabolism; bacteria; nitrogen; database; faster; water

摘要

Guanidine is a chemically stable nitrogen compound that is excreted in human urine and is widely used in manufacturing of plastics, as a flame retardant and as a component of propellants, and is well known as a protein denaturant in biochemistry1-3. Guanidine occurs widely in nature and is used by several microorganisms as a nitrogen source, but microorganisms growing on guanidine as the only substrate have not yet been identified. Here we show that the complete ammonia oxidizer (comammox) Nitrospira inopinata and probably most other comammox microorganisms can grow on guanidine as the sole source of energy, reductant and nitrogen. Proteomics, enzyme kinetics and the crystal structure of a N. inopinata guanidinase homologue demonstrated that it is a bona fide guanidinase. Incubation experiments with comammox-containing agricultural soil and wastewater treatment plant microbiomes suggested that guanidine serves as substrate for nitrification in the environment. The identification of guanidine as a growth substrate for comammox shows an unexpected niche of these globally important nitrifiers and offers opportunities for their isolation. Nitrospira inopinata and probably most other comammox microorganisms can grow on the non-conventional substrate guanidine as the sole source of energy, reductant and nitrogen.