A giant planet transiting a 3-Myr protostar with a misaligned disk

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Barber, Madyson G.; Mann, Andrew W.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Krolikowski, Daniel; Kraus, Adam; Ansdell, Megan; Pearce, Logan; Mace, Gregory N.; Andrews, Sean M.; Boyle, Andrew W.; Collins, Karen A.; De Furio, Matthew; Dragomir, Diana; Espaillat, Catherine; Feinstein, Adina D.; Fields, Matthew; Jaffe, Daniel; Lopez Murillo, Ana Isabel; Murgas, Felipe; Newton, Elisabeth R.; Palle, Enric; Sawczynec, Erica; Schwarz, Richard P.; Thao, Pa Chia; Tofflemire, Benjamin M.; Watkins, Cristilyn N.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Latham, David W.; Ricker, George; Seager, Sara; Vanderspek, Roland; Winn, Joshua N.; Charbonneau, David; Essack, Zahra; Rodriguez, David R.; Shporer, Avi; Twicken, Joseph D.; Villasenor, Jesus Noel
• 署名单位: University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Arizona; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); Mary W. Jackson NASA Headquarters; Smithsonian Institution; University of New Mexico; Boston University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Universidad de la Laguna; Dartmouth College; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; Space Telescope Science Institute; SETI Institute
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-4225
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08123-3
• 发表日期: 2024-11-21
• 关键词: star; algorithms; accretion; frequency; field; mass

摘要

Astronomers have found more than a dozen planets transiting stars that are 10-40 million years old1, but younger transiting planets have remained elusive. The lack of such discoveries may be because planets have not fully formed at this age or because our view is blocked by the protoplanetary disk. However, we now know that many outer disks are warped or broken2; provided the inner disk is depleted, transiting planets may thus be visible. Here we report observations of the transiting planet IRAS 04125+2902 b orbiting a 3-million-year-old, 0.7-solar-mass, pre-main-sequence star in the Taurus Molecular Cloud. The host star harbours a nearly face-on (30 degrees inclination) transitional disk3 and a wide binary companion. The planet has a period of 8.83 days, a radius of 10.7 Earth radii (0.96 Jupiter radii) and a 95%-confidence upper limit on its mass of 90 Earth masses (0.3 Jupiter masses) from radial-velocity measurements, making it a possible precursor of the super-Earths and sub-Neptunes frequently found around main-sequence stars. The rotational broadening of the star and the orbit of the wide (4 arcseconds, 635 astronomical units) companion are both consistent with edge-on orientations. Thus, all components of the system are consistent with alignment except the outer disk; the origin of this misalignment is unclear. Observations of a 3-million-year-old pre-main-sequence star with a misaligned disk reveal a giant orbiting planet; the system is ideal for studying the early formation and migration of planets.