One-quarter of freshwater fauna threatened with extinction

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Sayer, Catherine A.; Fernando, Eresha; Jimenez, Randall R.; Macfarlane, Nicholas B. W.; Rapacciuolo, Giovanni; Boehm, Monika; Brooks, Thomas M.; Contreras-MacBeath, Topiltzin; Cox, Neil A.; Harrison, Ian; Hoffmann, Michael; Jenkins, Richard; Smith, Kevin G.; Vie, Jean-Christophe; Abbott, John C.; Allen, David J.; Allen, Gerald R.; Barrios, Violeta; Boudot, Jean-Pierre; Carrizo, Savrina F.; Charvet, Patricia; Clausnitzer, Viola; Congiu, Leonardo; Crandall, Keith A.; Cumberlidge, Neil; Cuttelod, Annabelle; Dalton, James; Daniels, Adam G.; De Grave, Sammy; De Knijf, Geert; Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe B.; Dow, Rory A.; Freyhof, Joerg; Garcia, Nieves; Gessner, Joern; Getahun, Abebe; Gibson, Claudine; Gollock, Matthew J.; Grant, Michael I.; Groom, Alice E. R.; Hammer, Michael P.; Hammerson, Geoffrey A.; Hilton-Taylor, Craig; Hodgkinson, Laurel; Holland, Robert A.; Jabado, Rima W.; Juffe Bignoli, Diego; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Karimov, Bakhtiyor K.; Kipping, Jens; Kottelat, Maurice; Laleye, Philippe A.; Larson, Helen K.; Lintermans, Mark; Lozano, Federico; Ludwig, Arne; Lyons, Timothy J.; Maiz-Tome, Laura; Molur, Sanjay; Ng, Heok Hee; Numa, Catherine; Palmer-Newton, Amy F.; Pike, Charlotte; Pippard, Helen E.; Polaz, Carla N. M.; Pollock, Caroline M.; Raghavan, Rajeev; Rand, Peter S.; Ravelomanana, Tsilavina; Reis, Roberto E.; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Scott, Janet A.; Skelton, Paul H.; Sloat, Matthew R.; Snoeks, Jos; Stiassny, Melanie L. J.; Tan, Heok Hui; Taniguchi, Yoshinori; Thorstad, Eva B.; Tognelli, Marcelo F.; Torres, Armi G.; Torres, Yan; Tweddle, Denis; Watanabe, Katsutoshi; Westrip, James R. S.; Wright, Emma G. E.; Zhang, E.; Darwall, William R. T.
• 署名单位: Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos; Conservation International; Northern Arizona University; Zoological Society of London; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa; Western Australian Museum; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Lorraine; Universidade Federal do Ceara; University of Padua; George Washington University; Northern Michigan University; University of Oxford; Research Institute for Nature & Forest; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; University of Malaysia Sarawak; Leibniz Institut fur Evolutions und Biodiversitatsforschung; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Gewasserokologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB); Addis Ababa University; James Cook University; James Cook University; Universitas Hasanuddin; Royal Society for Protection of Birds; University of Southampton; University of Kent; Tashkent Institute of Irrigation & Agricultural Mechanization Engineers; University of Abomey Calavi; University of Canberra; Leibniz Institut fur Zoo und Wildtierforschung; Humboldt University of Berlin; National University of Singapore; Kerala University of Fisheries & Ocean Studies; University Antananarivo; Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Rio Grande Do Sul; National Research Foundation - South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity; Royal Museum for Central Africa; KU Leuven; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); Meijo University; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Mindanao State University System; Mindanao State University-IIT; Kyoto University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Hydrobiology, CAS
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-3556
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08375-z
• 发表日期: 2025-02-01
• 页码: 138-+
• 关键词: CONSERVATION; biodiversity; declines

摘要

Freshwater ecosystems are highly biodiverse(1) and important for livelihoods and economic development(2), but are under substantial stress(3). To date, comprehensive global assessments of extinction risk have not included any speciose groups primarily living in freshwaters. Consequently, data from predominantly terrestrial tetrapods(4,5) are used to guide environmental policy(6) and conservation prioritization(7), whereas recent proposals for target setting in freshwaters use abiotic factors(8, 9, 10, 11, 12-13). However, there is evidence(14, 15, 16-17) that such data are insufficient to represent the needs of freshwater species and achieve biodiversity goals(18,19). Here we present the results of a multi-taxon global freshwater fauna assessment for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species covering 23,496 decapod crustaceans, fishes and odonates, finding that one-quarter are threatened with extinction. Prevalent threats include pollution, dams and water extraction, agriculture and invasive species, with overharvesting also driving extinctions. We also examined the degree of surrogacy of both threatened tetrapods and freshwater abiotic factors (water stress and nitrogen) for threatened freshwater species. Threatened tetrapods are good surrogates when prioritizing sites to maximize rarity-weighted richness, but poorer when prioritizing based on the most range-restricted species. However, they are much better surrogates than abiotic factors, which perform worse than random. Thus, although global priority regions identified for tetrapod conservation are broadly reflective of those for freshwater faunas, given differences in key threats and habitats, meeting the needs of tetrapods cannot be assumed sufficient to conserve freshwater species at local scales.