Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics: from single cells to clinical applications

• 成果类型: Review
• 署名作者: Guo, Tiannan; Steen, Judith A.; Mann, Matthias
• 署名单位: Westlake University; Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Max Planck Society; University of Copenhagen
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-1624
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08584-0
• 发表日期: 2025-02-27
• 页码: 901-911
• 关键词: quantitative proteomics; drug discovery; molecule

摘要

Mass-spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has evolved into a powerful tool for comprehensively analysing biological systems. Recent technological advances have markedly increased sensitivity, enabling single-cell proteomics and spatial profiling of tissues. Simultaneously, improvements in throughput and robustness are facilitating clinical applications. In this Review, we present the latest developments in proteomics technology, including novel sample-preparation methods, advanced instrumentation and innovative data-acquisition strategies. We explore how these advances drive progress in key areas such as protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications and structural proteomics. Integrating artificial intelligence into the proteomics workflow accelerates data analysis and biological interpretation. We discuss the application of proteomics to single-cell analysis and spatial profiling, which can provide unprecedented insights into cellular heterogeneity and tissue architecture. Finally, we examine the transition of proteomics from basic research to clinical practice, including biomarker discovery in body fluids and the promise and challenges of implementing proteomics-based diagnostics. This Review provides a broad and high-level overview of the current state of proteomics and its potential to revolutionize our understanding of biology and transform medical practice.