Contrasting drought sensitivity of Eurasian and North American grasslands

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Yu, Qiang; Xu, Chong; Wu, Honghui; Ke, Yuguang; Zuo, Xiaoan; Luo, Wentao; Ren, Haiyan; Gu, Qian; Wang, Hongqiang; Ma, Wang; Knapp, Alan K.; Collins, Scott L.; Rudgers, Jennifer A.; Luo, Yiqi; Hautier, Yann; Wang, Chengjie; Wang, Zhengwen; Jiang, Yong; Han, Guodong; Gao, Yingzhi; He, Nianpeng; Zhu, Juntao; Dong, Shikui; Xin, Xiaoping; Yu, Guirui; Smith, Melinda D.; Li, Linghao; Han, Xingguo
• 署名单位: Beijing Forestry University; Beijing Forestry University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Resources & Regional Planning, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Resources & Regional Planning, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Agricultural Resources & Regional Planning, CAAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, CAS; Nanjing Agricultural University; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of New Mexico; Cornell University; Utrecht University; Inner Mongolia Agricultural University; Hebei University; Northeast Normal University - China; Xinjiang Agricultural University; Northeast Forestry University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Botany, CAS
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-3546
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08478-7
• 发表日期: 2025-03-06
• 关键词: coordinated distributed experiments; plant diversity; PRODUCTIVITY; STABILITY; ecosystem; biodiversity; resistance; responses; ecology; herbivores

摘要

Extreme droughts generally decrease productivity in grassland ecosystems1, 2-3 with negative consequences for nature's contribution to people4, 5, 6-7. The extent to which this negative effect varies among grassland types and over time in response to multi-year extreme drought remains unclear. Here, using a coordinated distributed experiment that simulated four years of growing-season drought (around 66% rainfall reduction), we compared drought sensitivity within and among six representative grasslands spanning broad precipitation gradients in each of Eurasia and North America-two of the Northern Hemisphere's largest grass-dominated regions. Aboveground plant production declined substantially with drought in the Eurasian grasslands and the effects accumulated over time, while the declines were less severe and more muted over time in the North American grasslands. Drought effects on species richness shifted from positive to negative in Eurasia, but from negative to positive in North America over time. The differing responses of plant production in these grasslands were accompanied by less common (subordinate) plant species declining in Eurasian grasslands but increasing in North American grasslands. Our findings demonstrate the high production sensitivity of Eurasian compared with North American grasslands to extreme drought (43.6% versus 25.2% reduction), and the key role of subordinate species in determining impacts of extreme drought on grassland productivity.