Integrated photonic source of Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill qubits

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Larsen, M. V.; Bourassa, J. E.; Kocsis, S.; Tasker, J. F.; Chadwick, R. S.; Gonzalez-Arciniegas, C.; Hastrup, J.; Lopetegui-Gonzalez, C. E.; Miatto, F. M.; Motamedi, A.; Noro, R.; Roeland, G.; Baby, R.; Chen, H.; Contu, P.; Di Luch, I.; Drago, C.; Giesbrecht, M.; Grainge, T.; Krasnokutska, I.; Menotti, M.; Morrison, B.; Puviraj, C.; Rezaei Shad, K.; Hussain, B.; McMahon, J.; Ortmann, J. E.; Collins, M. J.; Ma, C.; Phillips, D. S.; Seymour, M.; Tang, Q. Y.; Yang, B.; Vernon, Z.; Alexander, R. N.; Mahler, D. H.
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-2154
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09044-5
• 发表日期: 2025-06-19
• 关键词: quantum computation; STATES; generation

摘要

Building a useful photonic quantum computer requires robust techniques to synthesize optical states that can encode qubits. Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states1 offer one of the most attractive classes of such qubit encodings, as they enable the implementation of universal gate sets with straightforward, deterministic and room temperature-compatible Gaussian operations2. Existing pioneering demonstrations generating optical GKP states3 and other complex non-Gaussian states4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10-11 have relied on free-space optical components, hindering the scaling eventually required for a utility-scale system. Here we use an ultra-low-loss integrated photonic chip fabricated on a customized multilayer silicon nitride 300-mm wafer platform, coupled over fibre with high-efficiency photon number resolving detectors, to generate GKP qubit states. These states show critical mode-level features necessary for fault tolerance, including at least four resolvable peaks in both p and q quadratures, and a clear lattice structure of negative Wigner function regions, in this case a 3 x 3 grid. We also show that our GKP states show sufficient structure to indicate that the devices used to make them could, after further reduction in optical losses, yield states for the fault-tolerant regime. This experiment validates a key pillar of bosonic architectures for photonic quantum computing2,12, paving the way for arrays of GKP sources that will supply future fault-tolerant machines.