Dynamic kinetic resolution of phosphines with chiral supporting electrolytes

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Mao, Kaining; Liu, Chenfei; Wang, Yi; Gu, Chaoxuan; Putziger, John M.; Cemalovic, Nicholas I.; Muniz, Cameron; Qi, Yue; Lin, Song
• 署名单位: Cornell University; Brown University
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-1758
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09238-x
• 发表日期: 2025-07-31
• 关键词: stereogenic phosphorus-compounds; electroorganic reactions; asymmetric oxidation; reduction; activation; sulfides; oxides

摘要

The synthesis of enantiopure compounds is a central focus in organic chemistry owing to the prevalence of chiral centres in biological systems and the impact of homochirality on molecular properties. With growing recognition of electrochemistry as a powerful tool to improve the scope and sustainability of organic synthesis1, increasing efforts have been directed towards developing asymmetric electrocatalytic reactions to access challenging chiral molecules2, 3-4. However, many useful electrochemical reactions rely on direct electrolysis without a catalyst, making them inherently difficult to render enantioselective. Supporting electrolytes are integral to electrochemical systems and, in addition to ensuring sufficient solution conductivity, they can influence the rate and selectivity of electrochemical transformations5. Chiral supporting electrolytes can mediate asymmetric reactions via direct electrolysis, but their use in organic electrosynthesis remains largely unexplored6,7. Here we describe the use of substoichiometric chiral phosphate salts as supporting electrolytes to facilitate the oxidation of racemic trivalent phosphines to afford enantioenriched phosphine oxides. Our approach relies on a dynamic-kinetic-resolution strategy that exploits the rapid pyramidal inversion of an anodically generated phosphoniumyl radical cation8, while a high concentration of chiral phosphate at the electrode-electrolyte interface9,10 enhances enantioselective control during rate-limiting nucleophilic addition. Our results highlight the promise of chiral supporting electrolytes for promoting radical-ion-mediated asymmetric transformations.